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|Section2= }} Levulinic acid, or 4-oxopentanoic acid, is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)CH2CH2CO2H. It is classified as a keto acid. This white crystalline solid is soluble in water and polar organic solvents. It is derived from degradation of cellulose and is a potential precursor to biofuels.〔Biorefineries – Industrial Processes and Products. Status Quo and Future Directions. Vol. 1, Edited by Birgit Kamm, Patrick R. Gruber, Michael Kamm. 2006, WILEY-VCH, Weinheim. ISBN 3-527-31027-4〕 == History == In 1840 the Dutch Professor G.J. Mulder mentioned levulinic acid for the first time. He synthesized it by heating fructose with hydrochloride. The former term “levulose” for fructose gave the levulinic acid its name. Although levulinic acid has been well known since the 1870s, it has never reached a commercial use in a significant volume. First commercial production of levulinic acid has begun as a batch wise process in an autoclave by A.E. Statley in the 1940s.〔A.E.Staley, Mfg.Co.A.E.(DecaturIll.); LevulinicAcid 1942 (36, 1612 )〕 In 1953 the US-American company Quaker Oats developed a continuous process for the production of levulinic acid.〔US-2813900 (1953)〕 In 1956 it was identified as a platform chemical with high potential〔R.H.Leonard, Ind. Eng. Chem. 1331, (1956).〕 and in 2004 the US Department of Energy (U.S. DoE) identified levulinic acid by screening approximately 300 substances as one of the 12 potential platform chemicals in the biorefinery concept. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Levulinic acid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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